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Articles from Thomas Schmitt | Selfgrowth.com
- Why Use CRISPR/Cas9 Antibodies? - by Submitted on Mar 30, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe CRISPR-Cas9 system has proven to be a powerful tool for genome editing, allowing for the precise modification of specific DNA sequences within a cell. Many efforts are currently underway to use the CRISPR-Cas9 system for the therapeutic correction of human genetic diseases. The best ...
Views: 715(1 vote) - What is Dengue fever? - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2019 from Thomas SchmittDengue fever is a global acute infectious disease caused by dengue virus (DV). It is widely spread in tropical and subtropical regions. Its clinical manifestations include high fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, sometimes accompanied by rash, lymphadenopathy and leukopenia. Symptoms, when ...
Views: 680 - What is Hippocampus? - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe hippocampus is one of the most studied parts of the brain (the cerebral cortex) in the central nervous system of mammals. Because the shape is similar to the hippocampus, it is called the hippocampus. In the human brain, the hippocampus is mainly responsible for learning and memory. The ...
Views: 640 - How Important Fungal Antigens Test Are - by Submitted on Mar 30, 2019 from Thomas SchmittFungus is the member in a big group which are made by eukaryotic organisms containing microorganisms. Most of them are not detrimental to human body, but some will lead to fungal disease. The reason is that biological compounds will be produced by fungi and some of compounds are harmful to ...
Views: 634(1 vote) - B Cell Immunophenotyping - by Submitted on Dec 16, 2019 from Thomas Schmitt1.The background of B cells B lymphocytes, abbreviated as B cells, are differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Most of the B cells that exert effector function live in the body for a short period of time, only a few days to several weeks, but their memory cells can ...
Views: 623 - What is the Root of Sinusitis? - by Submitted on Sep 07, 2019 from Thomas SchmittSinusitis, also known as sinus infection, is a symptom caused by inflammation of the sinus mucosa. Common symptoms include snot, stuffy nose, and facial pain. Other signs and symptoms may include fever, headache, poor sense of smell, sore throat and cough. Sinusitis can be caused by infections, ...
Views: 619 - The Tumor Treating Fields You Don't Know - by Submitted on Jul 08, 2019 from Thomas SchmittElectric field therapy is a non-invasive method of tumor treatment that uses alternating electric fields of specific frequency and intensity to selectively destroy mitosis in cancer cells. Electric field therapy can target proteins that are critical to the cancer cell cycle, leading to mitotic ...
Views: 614 - The Intestinal Bacteria-AKK - by Submitted on Oct 09, 2019 from Thomas SchmittWhat creatures still live in our bodies? This problem seems simple, but our understanding is not clear for a long time in history. In recent years, researchers have successively isolated human symbiotic microbes, which actually constitute most of the cells in our body. In human daily activities, ...
Views: 606 - The Circadian Rhythm - by Submitted on Jul 08, 2019 from Thomas SchmittIn light-sensitive higher organisms, the biological clock is a set of functional systems formed by photoreceptor neurons, endocrine systems, and gene timing oscillation expression regulation. It enables the organism to form a rhythm of day and night from microscopic levels of gene expression, ...
Views: 604 - The Intestinal Bacteria-AKK - by Submitted on Nov 15, 2019 from Thomas SchmittWhat creatures still live in our bodies? This problem seems simple, but our understanding is not clear for a long time in history. In recent years, researchers have successively isolated human symbiotic microbes, which actually constitute most of the cells in our body. In human daily activities, ...
Views: 579 - Future Tumor Hemorrhage Therapy - by Submitted on Aug 08, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe rapid proliferation of tumor cells requires a large amount of nutrients, which requires the formation of new blood vessels in the tumor environment to meet this need. Humans discovered that tumor blood vessels expanded and grew rapidly in around a hundred years ago. Later, the dependence ...
Views: 570 - Want A Quick Understanding for Your Dendrimers?Read This! - by Submitted on Apr 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittWhat Are Dendrimers? Dendrimers are nano-sized, radially symmetric molecules with well-defined, homogeneous, and monodisperse structure consisting of tree-like arms or branches. These hyperbranched molecules were first discovered by Fritz Vogtle in 1978, by Donald Tomalia and co-workers in ...
Views: 563 - The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease - by Submitted on Aug 08, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a very important multi-functional organelle in eukaryotic cells. While completing the basic physiological functions, the endoplasmic reticulum becomes a pivotal platform for coordinated signal transduction with its large membrane structure. The endoplasmic ...
Views: 547 - What Are Monomers? - by Submitted on Sep 30, 2021 from Thomas SchmittMonomers are molecules that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization. There are mainly four types of monomers, including sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleotides, and each of these ...
Views: 540 - A Fascinating Behind-the-Scenes Look at Electroluminescent Quantum Dots - by Submitted on Dec 31, 2020 from Thomas SchmittWhat are quantum dots? Quantum dots(QDs) are tiny particles in crystalline semiconductor materials, with sizes of a few nm, usually 2-10 nanometers in diameter. This is the size of a large molecule, although it’s smaller than DNA. They’re usually made up of hundreds or thousands of atoms in a ...
Views: 540 - An Overview of Circulating Tumor DNA - by Submitted on Jun 02, 2019 from Thomas SchmittCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a kind of free DNA released by tumor cells after necrosis and apoptosis. Because it circulates in the blood, the detection of ctDNA can reflect the tumor state in time. In 1940, Mandel and Métais first discovered the presence of free cellular nucleic acids in the ...
Views: 498 - Exercise And Fasting Help Cells Clear Defective Proteins - by Submitted on Mar 17, 2020 from Thomas SchmittFailure of a cell’s protein processing mechanism can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, which can block cells, interfere with their function, and accelerate the development of diseases over time, including neurodegenerative diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis And Alzheimer’s. In ...
Views: 497 - Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) Manufacture Platform - by Submitted on Dec 29, 2019 from Thomas Schmitt1. What Is Virus-Like Particles? Virus-like particles (VLPs) consist of all or part of a protein that forms a viral capsid but lacks a genomic material, similar to the structure of a virus, but cannot replicate in cells, precluding any possibility of reversing mutations or pathogen infection. ...
Views: 496 - Liposomes for Cosmetics - by Submitted on Aug 17, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are spherical vesicles in which their central aqueous section is surrounded by one or more of a bilayer membrane (Lamella) that is frequently enclosed by aquatic environments. These vesicles are formed when amphiphilic lipids confront with aqueous milieu. They can vary in size from 15 ...
Views: 493 - Behind the Scenes of New Coronavirus Pneumonia-2019-nCov - by Submitted on Mar 17, 2020 from Thomas SchmittWhat is Novel Coronavirus? Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and which continues to expand. Chinese health officials have reported thousands of infections with 2019-nCoV in China, with the virus reportedly spreading from ...
Views: 490 - The Lysosomal Storage Disease - by Submitted on Sep 07, 2019 from Thomas SchmittLysosomes are a membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells. They are spherical vesicles containing hydrolases that break down many biomolecules. The pH of the lysosome in the range of 4.5 to 5.0 is optimal for the enzyme involved in the hydrolysis. Lysosomes perform waste treatment ...
Views: 489 - What is Antibody KD - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittIn chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, the dissociation constant (KD) is a specific type of equilibrium constant used to measure the tendency of larger objects to reversibly separate (dissociate) into smaller components, such as When the complex decomposes into its component molecules or ...
Views: 485 - Mechanism of MDP As a Vaccine Adjuvant Causing Fever - by Submitted on Dec 29, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe addition of adjuvants to vaccine formulations to enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens by enhancing antigen processing and presentation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) is a common practice for current vaccine formulations. However, since many adjuvants are composed of microbial ...
Views: 473 - New Research Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Cardiolipin - by Submitted on Mar 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittCardiolipin is a unique phospholipid with a very interesting chemical and specific ultrastructural characteristics. In a research report published in the journal Science Advances in 28 Aug 2020, scientists from Johns Hopkins University and other institutions studied yeast and revealed the ...
Views: 471 - How The Liver-Targeted Nano-Drug Delivery System Is Realized - by Submitted on Feb 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittPhysiological characteristics of the liver The liver is an important organ involved in the processes of digestion, excretion, detoxification and immunity. Liver diseases are common clinical diseases, such as viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer, which are extremely harmful to human ...
Views: 468 - What is Mitochondrial Disease? - by Submitted on Jun 02, 2019 from Thomas SchmittMitochondria are a subcellular structure prevalent in eukaryotic cells and the most important source of energy in cells. Most tissue cells in the human body rely on oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria to obtain the energy needed to maintain their metabolism. Mitochondria not only play an ...
Views: 461 - What Are Nanoclusters? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoclusters are gold compounds with a core of metal atoms and organic groups covalently bound to the surface gold atoms. Due to their small size, these nanoclusters exhibit intrinsic near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence. What is cluster in nanotechnology? Clusters are small aggregates of ...
Views: 455 - What Are Block Copolymer Micelles? - by Submitted on Sep 30, 2021 from Thomas Schmittlock copolymer micelles are generally formed by the self-assembly of either amphiphilic or oppositely charged copolymers in aqueous medium. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks form the corona and the core of the micelles, respectively. Block copolymer micellescan be classified according to ...
Views: 448 - What Are Upconverting Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Mar 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittUpconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are nanoscale particles, with diameter from 1nm to 100 nm that can exhibit photon upconversion. Since François formally proposed the concept of upconversion luminescence in 1966, to the introduction of nanotechnology in the 1990s, scientists have synthesized ...
Views: 444 - What Are Liposomes? - by Submitted on Jun 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are small artificial sphere-shaped vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers, which were first described in the mid-60s. Today, they are a very useful reproduction, reagent, and tool in various scientific disciplines, including mathematics and theoretical physics, ...
Views: 441 - SARS-CoV-2 Magnetic Particles You Don’t Want Miss - by Submitted on Dec 31, 2020 from Thomas SchmittAt present, the COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading rapidly. According to Google’s real-time statistics, until November 24, 2020, there have been more than 61 million total cases worldwide and more than 1.4 million deaths globally. The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 threatens the global medical system ...
Views: 439 - What Are Sphingolipids? - by Submitted on Nov 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittSphingolipids are the most structurally diverse class of membrane lipids, being composed of over 70 long-chain (sphingoid) bases, dozens of amide-linked fatty acids, and more than 300 headgroups. Sphingolipids are present in all eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms. 1.What Is The ...
Views: 433 - What Are NanoPlates? - by Submitted on Jun 13, 2022 from Thomas SchmittNanoplates are classified as having only one dimension in the nanometre range. The most widely utilized types of nanoplates are silicate clay minerals (montmorillonite) and graphite, which both exist in the form of layered materials. The main advantage of layered nanomaterials is their ...
Views: 431 - Antibody Heavy and Light Chains - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittThe structure of all immunoglobulins is basically the same, consisting of two heavy chains (Heavy, abbreviated as H) and two light chains (Light, abbreviated as L), and looks like a “Y”-shaped symmetrical macromolecule. The stem of “Y” is called the Fc segment, which consists of the -COOH group ...
Views: 418 - Pesticide Residue Testing - by Submitted on Dec 02, 2021 from Thomas SchmittThe development of agricultural industrialization makes the production of agricultural products increasingly dependent on foreign substances such as pesticides, antibiotics and hormones. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 1,000 pesticides are used all over the world. ...
Views: 418 - Liposomes for DNA/RNA Delivery - by Submitted on Nov 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are vesicular structures, and the unique advantages imparted by lipid vesicles are their diverse range of morphologies, compositions, abilities to envelope and protect many types of therapeutic biomolecules, lack of immunogenic response, low cost, and their differential release ...
Views: 415 - Potential Small-molecule Drug Targets for COVID-19 - by Submitted on Mar 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittViruses must enter the host cell to replicate in order to function. Therefore, antiviral drugs can be designed for a series of targets in the process of virus interaction with cell receptors, gene replication, transcription and translation when the virus invades host cells and completes its life ...
Views: 413 - Advantages of Nanoparticles in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jul 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials with high dispersion characteristics. It can pass through the hair follicle or stratum corneum, thereby improving the transdermal absorption of the drug and the sustained release of the drug, and can protect the drug from degradation. Solid lipid ...
Views: 412 - What Are Polystyrene Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Jan 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittPlastic may be degraded into micro-particles Views: 412
- What Are Gold Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are small gold particles with a diameter of 1 to 100 nm. Once dispersed in water, AuNPs are also known as colloidal gold. What are gold nanoparticles used for? AuNPs have been widely applied in bionanotechnology due to their unique properties and multiple surface ...
Views: 411 - What Are Silver Nanoparticles Used For? - by Submitted on Apr 22, 2021 from Thomas SchmittThe silver nanoparticle is a metallic silver substance with nanometer particle size. Silver nanoparticles, with a particle size of about 25 nm, can strongly inhibit and kill dozens of pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhea, and Chlamydia trachomatis, and there is ...
Views: 410 - Advantages of Nanoparticles in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jul 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials with high dispersion characteristics. It can pass through the hair follicle or stratum corneum, thereby improving the transdermal absorption of the drug and the sustained release of the drug, and can protect the drug from degradation. Solid lipid ...
Views: 406 - Introduction of Chitosan as Nano-drug Delivery Carrier - by Submitted on Feb 01, 2023 from Thomas SchmittChitin is the second largest natural polymer after cellulose, and it exists widely in nature, such as shells of crustaceans such as shrimps, crabs, insects, and cell walls of fungi. Although chitin has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, its poor solubility limits its practicality in the ...
Views: 405 - What Are Natural Phospholipids? - by Submitted on Jul 27, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLipids are defined as apolar molecules comprising as major classes fatty acids and fatty acid esters of normally natural origin. Non-natural components, such as dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes (in short carboranes) can also form acids and esters, which reveal lipid-like properties. Phospholipids are ...
Views: 405(1 vote) - When Affected by Positrons Spherical Nanoparticles Release Electron-Positron Pairs Forward - by Submitted on Feb 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittTheoretical calculations show that spherical nanoparticles release unstable electron-positron pairs when affected by positrons of specific energies, and the direction of the signal is the same as that of the incident positrons. When electrons collide with positrons, their antimatter ...
Views: 405 - Trace Detection of Antibiotic Impurities in Cell Culture - by Submitted on Jan 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittImpurities derived from cell culture include but are not limited to inducers, antibiotics, serum and other media components. These impurities need to be tested and evaluated one by one using risk assessment and risk management methods. If there is a potential impact on product safety, the ...
Views: 404 - Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B - by Submitted on Jun 13, 2022 from Thomas SchmittStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important food-borne pathogen that causes food contamination and food poisoning. It is also a symbiont of human skin and mucous membranes. About 20% to 30% of healthy individuals carry Staphylococcus aureus. Animal foods are susceptible to Staphylococcus ...
Views: 399 - What are Biopolymers? - by Submitted on Sep 27, 2022 from Thomas SchmittBiodegradable polymers are most often referred to as “biopolymers” because most of these polymers are derived from various natural sources. There are few in the list of biodegradable biopolymers in nature. PLA, PHA and starch are the most commonly used biopolymers that have minimal or minimal ...
Views: 399 - What Are PEGs? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittPEGs (polyethylene glycols) are composed of polyether compounds repeating ethylene glycol units according to the constituent monomer or parent molecule (as ethylene glycol, ethylene oxide, or oxyethylene). Most PEGs are commonly available commercially as mixtures of different oligomer sizes in ...
Views: 399 - Contrast Agents for Near-Infrared Fluorescent Imaging - by Submitted on Dec 02, 2021 from Thomas SchmittWhat is near-infrared fluorescence imaging? Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is a light wavelength of 650–950 nm and is generally preferred for in vivo fluorescence imaging because of its good tissue penetration and low autofluorescence from 676565adjacent tissues. NIR fluorescence imaging is ...
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