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Articles from Thomas Schmitt | Selfgrowth.com
- What Are Sphingolipids? - by Submitted on Nov 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittSphingolipids are the most structurally diverse class of membrane lipids, being composed of over 70 long-chain (sphingoid) bases, dozens of amide-linked fatty acids, and more than 300 headgroups. Sphingolipids are present in all eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms. 1.What Is The ...
Views: 433 - Why does Immunotherapy Have No Effect on Certain Tumors - by Submitted on Oct 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittAs we all know, tumor tissue is not only composed of cancer cells, it also contains other types of cells. These other cell types can affect tumor behavior and have a profound impact on whether the tumor will respond to therapy, including immunity therapy etc. Fibroblasts are distributed ...
Views: 327 - What Are Block Copolymer Micelles? - by Submitted on Sep 30, 2021 from Thomas Schmittlock copolymer micelles are generally formed by the self-assembly of either amphiphilic or oppositely charged copolymers in aqueous medium. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks form the corona and the core of the micelles, respectively. Block copolymer micellescan be classified according to ...
Views: 448 - What Are Monomers? - by Submitted on Sep 30, 2021 from Thomas SchmittMonomers are molecules that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization. There are mainly four types of monomers, including sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleotides, and each of these ...
Views: 540 - What Are Nano Secondary Antibodies - by Submitted on Sep 22, 2021 from Thomas SchmittAntibodies are biological protein molecules that are produced by immune B cells after being stimulated by antigens that can specifically bind to the antigen, and then neutralize the antigen. Because antibodies can specifically bind antigens with high affinity, antibodies have always been one of ...
Views: 364 - A Quick Review of Cell Isolation & Organelles Isolation - by Submitted on Sep 22, 2021 from Thomas SchmittWhat is organelles isolation? The separation of organelles is achieved by cell membrane lysis and density gradient centrifugation to separate organelles from contaminated cell structures. The intact nucleus and organelles have a unique size in mammalian cells, allowing them to be separated by ...
Views: 385 - Antibody Heavy and Light Chains - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittThe structure of all immunoglobulins is basically the same, consisting of two heavy chains (Heavy, abbreviated as H) and two light chains (Light, abbreviated as L), and looks like a “Y”-shaped symmetrical macromolecule. The stem of “Y” is called the Fc segment, which consists of the -COOH group ...
Views: 418 - What Are Nanoclusters? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoclusters are gold compounds with a core of metal atoms and organic groups covalently bound to the surface gold atoms. Due to their small size, these nanoclusters exhibit intrinsic near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence. What is cluster in nanotechnology? Clusters are small aggregates of ...
Views: 455 - What Are PEGs? - by Submitted on Aug 18, 2021 from Thomas SchmittPEGs (polyethylene glycols) are composed of polyether compounds repeating ethylene glycol units according to the constituent monomer or parent molecule (as ethylene glycol, ethylene oxide, or oxyethylene). Most PEGs are commonly available commercially as mixtures of different oligomer sizes in ...
Views: 399 - Liposomes for Cosmetics - by Submitted on Aug 17, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are spherical vesicles in which their central aqueous section is surrounded by one or more of a bilayer membrane (Lamella) that is frequently enclosed by aquatic environments. These vesicles are formed when amphiphilic lipids confront with aqueous milieu. They can vary in size from 15 ...
Views: 493 - What Are Natural Phospholipids? - by Submitted on Jul 27, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLipids are defined as apolar molecules comprising as major classes fatty acids and fatty acid esters of normally natural origin. Non-natural components, such as dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes (in short carboranes) can also form acids and esters, which reveal lipid-like properties. Phospholipids are ...
Views: 405(1 vote) - Advantages of Nanoparticles in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jul 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials with high dispersion characteristics. It can pass through the hair follicle or stratum corneum, thereby improving the transdermal absorption of the drug and the sustained release of the drug, and can protect the drug from degradation. Solid lipid ...
Views: 406 - Advantages of Nanoparticles in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jul 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials with high dispersion characteristics. It can pass through the hair follicle or stratum corneum, thereby improving the transdermal absorption of the drug and the sustained release of the drug, and can protect the drug from degradation. Solid lipid ...
Views: 412 - Quantum Dots Technology in Fluorescent Labeling - by Submitted on Jul 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are vesicular structures, and the unique advantages imparted by lipid vesicles are their diverse range of morphologies, compositions, abilities to envelope and protect many types of therapeutic biomolecules, lack of immunogenic response, low cost, and their differential release ...
Views: 348 - What is Antibody KD - by Submitted on Jul 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittIn chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, the dissociation constant (KD) is a specific type of equilibrium constant used to measure the tendency of larger objects to reversibly separate (dissociate) into smaller components, such as When the complex decomposes into its component molecules or ...
Views: 390 - Advantages of Nanoparticles in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jul 19, 2021 from Thomas SchmittNanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials with high dispersion characteristics. It can pass through the hair follicle or stratum corneum, thereby improving the transdermal absorption of the drug and the sustained release of the drug, and can protect the drug from degradation. Solid lipid ...
Views: 342 - Advantages of Nanoparticles in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jul 19, 2021 from Thomas Schmittanoparticles are a kind of nanomaterials with high dispersion characteristics. It can pass through the hair follicle or stratum corneum, thereby improving the transdermal absorption of the drug and the sustained release of the drug, and can protect the drug from degradation. Solid lipid ...
Views: 323 - What is Antibody KD - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittIn chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, the dissociation constant (KD) is a specific type of equilibrium constant used to measure the tendency of larger objects to reversibly separate (dissociate) into smaller components, such as When the complex decomposes into its component molecules or ...
Views: 485 - What Are Gold Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are small gold particles with a diameter of 1 to 100 nm. Once dispersed in water, AuNPs are also known as colloidal gold. What are gold nanoparticles used for? AuNPs have been widely applied in bionanotechnology due to their unique properties and multiple surface ...
Views: 411 - What Are The Influencing Factors of Drug Percutaneous Absorption - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittIn the clinical transdermal drug delivery process, there are many factors that affect the transdermal absorption of the drug, mainly including: skin hydration, skin temperature, skin conditions, and skin locations. Skin Hydration The phenomenon that the water content of the skin exceeds the ...
Views: 336 - Liposomes for DNA/RNA Delivery - by Submitted on Jun 24, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are vesicular structures, and the unique advantages imparted by lipid vesicles are their diverse range of morphologies, compositions, abilities to envelope and protect many types of therapeutic biomolecules, lack of immunogenic response, low cost, and their differential release ...
Views: 380 - Application of Transfersomes and Ethosomes in Transdermal Drug Delivery - by Submitted on Jun 01, 2021 from Thomas Schmitthe transfersomes is a self-aggregating vesicle obtained by formulating and improving on the basis of liposomes, also known as flexible nano-liposomes (FNL). It is a lipid carrier obtained by adding surfactants (such as sodium cholate, polysorbate, spaan, sodium deoxycholate, etc.) to liposome ...
Views: 285 - What Are Liposomes? - by Submitted on Jun 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittLiposomes are small artificial sphere-shaped vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers, which were first described in the mid-60s. Today, they are a very useful reproduction, reagent, and tool in various scientific disciplines, including mathematics and theoretical physics, ...
Views: 441 - Why does Immunotherapy Have No Effect on Certain Tumors - by Submitted on Jun 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittAs we all know, tumor tissue is not only composed of cancer cells, it also contains other types of cells. These other cell types can affect tumor behavior and have a profound impact on whether the tumor will respond to therapy, including immunity therapy etc. Fibroblasts are distributed ...
Views: 372 - What Role Does Gold Nanorod Play in Cancer Treatment? - by Submitted on Jun 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittGold nanorods (AuNRs) are gold nanoparticles with a specific morphology in the range of 1 to 100 nm. They present two distinct SPRs on the transversal axis and the longitudinal axis. Longitudinal plasmon resonance can provide absorption of wavelength radiation in the near-infrared region (NIR), ...
Views: 358 - The New Mechanism of Aging To Promote Cancer - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittAs we age, the body will accumulate “garbage” in the body during the process of converting food into energy. Clinical statistics have found that the risk of cancer and related mortality in humans increases significantly with age from the age of 65. Is it because the body’s “junk” substances ...
Views: 345 - What Is Chitosan? - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittChitosan is the second most abundant biopolymer in the world, only less than cellulose. It is a versatile biopolymer with unique properties, and is nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible. Chitosan is discovered by Rouget in 1859, when the chitin was treated with hot potassium hydroxide ...
Views: 360 - Researchers Stabilize the Collapsing Metal-organic Frameworks by Adding a Polymer - by Submitted on Apr 23, 2021 from Thomas SchmittHigh internal surface area is a highly sought after asset in material design, bringing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) at the forefront of materials research. In fact, the main focus in this field is to create innovative methods to maximize the surface area of the MOF. Nevertheless, macroporous ...
Views: 323 - What Are Silver Nanoparticles Used For? - by Submitted on Apr 22, 2021 from Thomas SchmittThe silver nanoparticle is a metallic silver substance with nanometer particle size. Silver nanoparticles, with a particle size of about 25 nm, can strongly inhibit and kill dozens of pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Neisseria gonorrhea, and Chlamydia trachomatis, and there is ...
Views: 410 - Neuropilin-1 Promotes SARS-CoV-2 Entry into Host Cells - by Submitted on Apr 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittThe 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is now raging around the world. Existing studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infects host cells through the receptor ACE2. In a new study, scientists discovered that neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is a factor that can promote ...
Views: 383 - Researchers Learn That Non-toxic Concentration of Silver Nanoparticles Can Antagonize Arsenic-induced Genotoxicity - by Submitted on Apr 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittRecently, a research team found that non-toxic concentrations of silver nanoparticles can antagonize the genotoxicity induced by arsenic by reducing the bioaccumulation of heavy metal arsenic in mammalian cells and enhancing the anti-oxidant ability in the cells. Related research results were ...
Views: 390 - Want A Quick Understanding for Your Dendrimers?Read This! - by Submitted on Apr 01, 2021 from Thomas SchmittWhat Are Dendrimers? Dendrimers are nano-sized, radially symmetric molecules with well-defined, homogeneous, and monodisperse structure consisting of tree-like arms or branches. These hyperbranched molecules were first discovered by Fritz Vogtle in 1978, by Donald Tomalia and co-workers in ...
Views: 563 - Potential Small-molecule Drug Targets for COVID-19 - by Submitted on Mar 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittViruses must enter the host cell to replicate in order to function. Therefore, antiviral drugs can be designed for a series of targets in the process of virus interaction with cell receptors, gene replication, transcription and translation when the virus invades host cells and completes its life ...
Views: 413 - What Are Upconverting Nanoparticles? - by Submitted on Mar 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittUpconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are nanoscale particles, with diameter from 1nm to 100 nm that can exhibit photon upconversion. Since François formally proposed the concept of upconversion luminescence in 1966, to the introduction of nanotechnology in the 1990s, scientists have synthesized ...
Views: 444 - New Research Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Cardiolipin - by Submitted on Mar 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittCardiolipin is a unique phospholipid with a very interesting chemical and specific ultrastructural characteristics. In a research report published in the journal Science Advances in 28 Aug 2020, scientists from Johns Hopkins University and other institutions studied yeast and revealed the ...
Views: 471 - How The Liver-Targeted Nano-Drug Delivery System Is Realized - by Submitted on Feb 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittPhysiological characteristics of the liver The liver is an important organ involved in the processes of digestion, excretion, detoxification and immunity. Liver diseases are common clinical diseases, such as viral hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer, which are extremely harmful to human ...
Views: 468 - When Affected by Positrons Spherical Nanoparticles Release Electron-Positron Pairs Forward - by Submitted on Feb 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittTheoretical calculations show that spherical nanoparticles release unstable electron-positron pairs when affected by positrons of specific energies, and the direction of the signal is the same as that of the incident positrons. When electrons collide with positrons, their antimatter ...
Views: 405 - Difficulties in Research and Development of the Novel Coronavirus Vaccine - by Submitted on Feb 04, 2021 from Thomas SchmittAt present, the outbreak of COVID-19 has spread to more than 200 countries and regions around the world, and the number of confirmed cases has exceeded 6 million. The world is racing to develop the Novel Coronavirus vaccine. Dozens of candidate vaccines are undergoing pre-clinical evaluation, ...
Views: 341 - SARS-CoV-2 Magnetic Particles You Don’t Want Miss - by Submitted on Dec 31, 2020 from Thomas SchmittAt present, the COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading rapidly. According to Google’s real-time statistics, until November 24, 2020, there have been more than 61 million total cases worldwide and more than 1.4 million deaths globally. The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 threatens the global medical system ...
Views: 439 - A Fascinating Behind-the-Scenes Look at Electroluminescent Quantum Dots - by Submitted on Dec 31, 2020 from Thomas SchmittWhat are quantum dots? Quantum dots(QDs) are tiny particles in crystalline semiconductor materials, with sizes of a few nm, usually 2-10 nanometers in diameter. This is the size of a large molecule, although it’s smaller than DNA. They’re usually made up of hundreds or thousands of atoms in a ...
Views: 540 - Behind the Scenes of New Coronavirus Pneumonia-2019-nCov - by Submitted on Mar 17, 2020 from Thomas SchmittWhat is Novel Coronavirus? Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and which continues to expand. Chinese health officials have reported thousands of infections with 2019-nCoV in China, with the virus reportedly spreading from ...
Views: 490 - Exercise And Fasting Help Cells Clear Defective Proteins - by Submitted on Mar 17, 2020 from Thomas SchmittFailure of a cell’s protein processing mechanism can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, which can block cells, interfere with their function, and accelerate the development of diseases over time, including neurodegenerative diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis And Alzheimer’s. In ...
Views: 497 - Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) Manufacture Platform - by Submitted on Dec 29, 2019 from Thomas Schmitt1. What Is Virus-Like Particles? Virus-like particles (VLPs) consist of all or part of a protein that forms a viral capsid but lacks a genomic material, similar to the structure of a virus, but cannot replicate in cells, precluding any possibility of reversing mutations or pathogen infection. ...
Views: 496 - Mechanism of MDP As a Vaccine Adjuvant Causing Fever - by Submitted on Dec 29, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe addition of adjuvants to vaccine formulations to enhance the immune response to vaccine antigens by enhancing antigen processing and presentation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) is a common practice for current vaccine formulations. However, since many adjuvants are composed of microbial ...
Views: 473 - The Intestinal Bacteria-AKK - by Submitted on Nov 15, 2019 from Thomas SchmittWhat creatures still live in our bodies? This problem seems simple, but our understanding is not clear for a long time in history. In recent years, researchers have successively isolated human symbiotic microbes, which actually constitute most of the cells in our body. In human daily activities, ...
Views: 579 - B Cell Immunophenotyping - by Submitted on Dec 16, 2019 from Thomas Schmitt1.The background of B cells B lymphocytes, abbreviated as B cells, are differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Most of the B cells that exert effector function live in the body for a short period of time, only a few days to several weeks, but their memory cells can ...
Views: 623 - The Intestinal Bacteria-AKK - by Submitted on Oct 09, 2019 from Thomas SchmittWhat creatures still live in our bodies? This problem seems simple, but our understanding is not clear for a long time in history. In recent years, researchers have successively isolated human symbiotic microbes, which actually constitute most of the cells in our body. In human daily activities, ...
Views: 606 - The Lysosomal Storage Disease - by Submitted on Sep 07, 2019 from Thomas SchmittLysosomes are a membrane-bound organelle found in many animal cells. They are spherical vesicles containing hydrolases that break down many biomolecules. The pH of the lysosome in the range of 4.5 to 5.0 is optimal for the enzyme involved in the hydrolysis. Lysosomes perform waste treatment ...
Views: 489 - What is the Root of Sinusitis? - by Submitted on Sep 07, 2019 from Thomas SchmittSinusitis, also known as sinus infection, is a symptom caused by inflammation of the sinus mucosa. Common symptoms include snot, stuffy nose, and facial pain. Other signs and symptoms may include fever, headache, poor sense of smell, sore throat and cough. Sinusitis can be caused by infections, ...
Views: 619 - The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease - by Submitted on Aug 08, 2019 from Thomas SchmittThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a very important multi-functional organelle in eukaryotic cells. While completing the basic physiological functions, the endoplasmic reticulum becomes a pivotal platform for coordinated signal transduction with its large membrane structure. The endoplasmic ...
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