TAVI valve replacement or in proper terms, transcatheter aortic valve replacement is a surgical procedure for substituting the damaged valve with a biological one which performs the assigned tasks of the valve just like the natural one. Cardiologists all around the world have agreed upon the efficiency of TAVI. TAVI surgery in India is available all the popular institutions of health care. Primarily, the national capital of the country has many good options which are not only counted for the best TAVR valve replacement in Delhi but also around the whole country. In addition to that, their foreign-friendly medical policy also attracts a huge number of clients. Overall, the widely consulted TAVI cardiac surgery hospital in Delhi is becoming the best spots for getting a successful TAVR surgery done. Their insurance of success is derived from the standard policies which they follow for the entire procedure of TAVR surgery. Starting from the detailed diagnostic assessment, they evaluate all the factors which are significant for the treatment. It is followed up with a proper surgical treatment, assisted with a quick rehabilitation programme.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is laced with the technique and precision of a minimally invasive procedure. As the name of the surgery suggests in itself, TAVR is a surgical treatment which is performed to substitute the damaged aortic valve of the heart. Unlike the name, in some cases, the damaged aortic valve is not removed completely; instead, a substitution is fitted inside it to facilitate the normal functioning of the aortic valve in the heart. The substitution of the damaged aortic valve is performed with a biological one. Interestingly, the composition of the biological valve which replaces the damaged aortic valve is taken from the tissue of a cow or a pig.

The primary question that arises now is what condition or conditions make TAVR a suitable surgery to be performed? The answer is aortic valve stenosis. When a patient suffers from aortic valve stenosis, the condition the aortic valve is hampered which can either be due to a disease, infection, or deposition of some materials which results into the narrowing of the aortic valve. Once the opening of the aortic valve has been narrowed, the flow of blood from this valve to the aorta is obstructed. Aortic valve stenosis is a severe condition for the health of the patient because it not only deteriorates the condition of the aortic valve but also unnecessary pressure is exerted on the heart which can even lead to the life-threatening state of heart failure.

The condition of aortic valve stenosis is manifested through chest pain, fainting, fatigue, leg swelling, and shortness of breath. As already mentioned, aortic valve stenosis can also cause heart failure in the adverse conditions. TAVR is also performed as a rectifying surgery (double surgery) when the previously substituted biological valve fails to perform its functions.

Prior to TAVR, the patent has to undergo a detailed physical examination which is followed by various diagnostic procedures such as blood tests. All of these procedures are performed to evaluate the condition of the aortic valve and the working of the heart. The family history of the patient is evaluated so that every possible linkage of the aortic valve stenosis can be gathered which may play a major role in deciding the plan of the treatment. Certain complications are assessed beforehand which can be risky for the procedure later. Contingent upon the reports, the experts decide whether the patient is suitable for TAVR.

Before the TAVR is performed, all the associated risks of the treatment which include bleeding, complications of the blood vessels, arrhythmias, kidney disease, infection, and heart attack, all of these are acknowledged and safety measures are incorporated to minimize the chances of risks. Mechanical faults such as slipping away from the valve can also be encountered during TAVR. In advance to the surgery, doctors also assess the medications which the patient is upon, some of the prescriptions are stopped which may cause hindrance to the success rates of TAVR.

Just before the surgery is to be performed, the patient is treated with general anaesthesia and some medications are intravenously provided, specifically to prevent the formation of blood clots. Since the aim of the treatment is centred at the heart, special care is provided throughout the surgery. Every single movement of the heart is monitored by a supervisory team which is on-hands ready to provide a solution which (if) occurs the entire procedure of TAVR. The heartbeat and the pattern of heart rhythm are monitored continuously.

Whilst the surgery is being performed, the access to the heart can be reached through a blood vessel in the leg or chest. In the latter case, a tiny incision is marked on the chest through which a large artery or the very bottom of the left ventricle is accessed. Alternatively, cardiologists can utilize other approaches to access the heart. Through the access point, a catheter is inserted which is facilitated through imaging scans and tests. This is followed by balloon valvuloplasty (usually) to expand the narrowed aortic valve and substitute it with the biological one. Once the substitution is done, the catheter is removed.

Author's Bio: 

TAVI heart valve replacement surgery is often recommended as an apt alternative treatment when surgery through an open procedure is not suitable for the patient for relieving him/ her patient from the severe conditions of aortic stenosis. Though some determining factors are also acknowledged beforehand to ensure successful post-surgery.