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Articles from Imran Zafar | Selfgrowth.com
- Basic Components of Computer System and Instruction Execution Cycle - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarA computer system consists of various hardware components. Each component plays a specific role in computer system. These components are interconnected to each other in such a way so that the computer can perform its functions. Processor: Processor is the main component of a computer ...
Views: 3832 - Batch Operating System and Timesharing Operating System - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarBatch Operating System: In early computer systems, the user did not interact directly with the computer system. The data and programs were first prepared on the input media such as punched cards or punched tape. The data and programs prepared on the punched tape or punched cards were referred ...
Views: 7135 - Components of Operating System - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarA brief description about the components of operating system is given below. 1. Process Management: The most important task of operating system is to manage and monitor different processes executing in the computer. Generally, a program in execution is called process. Typically, a process ...
Views: 821 - Computer System Architecture - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarComputer architecture means construction/design of a computer. A computer system may be organized in different ways. Some computer systems have single processor and others have multiprocessors. So based on the processors used in computer systems, they are categorized into the following ...
Views: 1799 - CPU Registers and Their Functions - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarRegisters are the most important components of CPU. Each register performs a specific function. A brief description of most important CPU's registers and their functions are given below: 1. Memory Address Register (MAR): This register holds the address of memory where CPU wants to read or ...
Views: 45790 - Functions Trap and Interrupt - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarTrap and Interrupt are signals generated by software and hardware respectively. They break down the normal execution of the program. A brief description of trap and interrupt is given below. Trap: A trap is a software-generated interrupt (signal) caused by an error. Trap is also referred ...
Views: 3872 - Introduction to Operating System and Functions of Operating System - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarOperating system is the most important system software. It is a collection of system software and is stored on the storage device such as hard disk, CD-ROM, floppy disk (or in ROM). When a computer is switched on, the operating system is transferred from the storage device into main memory. Some ...
Views: 1084 - Real-Time Operating System and Distributed Operating System - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarThe real-time operating system is designed to support executions of programs within strict time limits. The real-time system requires the correct results within the specified time period. The correctness of the program's result is totally dependent on the completion of the job within the ...
Views: 1516 - Single-User and Multi-Programmed Batch Operating Systems - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarSingle-User Operating System: Single user operating' system allows a single user to access the computer at a time. This type of operating system is mostly used on computers having single processor such as PCs. In single user operating system, the CPU remains idle during an I/O operation. So ...
Views: 13584 - What is Information and Types of Information - by Submitted on Dec 03, 2011 from Imran ZafarInformation is the data which have been processed into a form which is meaning full to the recipient and which is of real or perceived value for the intended purpose which, as for as the management is concerned, is likely to be for planning, control or decision making. Thus data are the raw ...
Views: 872 - Data Communication Protocols and Functions of Communication Protocols - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarAll machine based communications must follow certain set of rules for exchange of data between nodes connected to a network. The rules to send and receive data are called protocols. These rules are defined in the network software. A protocol defines; Which is communicated? How it is ...
Views: 13568 - Introduction to Computer Network Architectures - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarNetwork architecture means design of computers, devices and media in a network. The computer network can be designed using different ways. The most popular network architectures are described below. File-Server Network: In File-Server computer network, a powerful computer having disk with ...
Views: 901 - Device Controller and Controller Register - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarAn electronic device in the form of chip or circuit board that controls functioning of the I/O device is called the device controller or I/O Controller or adopter. The operating system directly deals with the device controller. Some devices are very simple devices. For example, a serial port ...
Views: 5109 - Data Communication and Types of Data Transmission - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarCommunication means the exchange of information or messages. The process of transferring data from one location to another is called Data Communication. In this process, data is transmitted electronically from one location to another by using standard methods. Today, computer networks are ...
Views: 9583 - Characteristics and Types of Database - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarA database is an integrated collection of computer data, organized and stored in a manner that facilitates easy retrieval. Two primary goals of the database are to minimize data redundancy and to achieve data independence. Data redundancy is the duplication of data that is, the same data is ...
Views: 768 - Communication Channels and Its Types - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarA path through which information is transmitted from one place to another is called communication channel. It is also referred to as communication medium or link. The twisted pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, microwave, satellite etc. are examples of communication channels. In a ...
Views: 17110 - Data Transmission Modes and Its Types - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarThe way in which data is transmitted from one place to another is called data transmission mode. It is also called the data communication mode. It indicates the direction of flow of information. Sometimes, data transmission modes are also referred to as directional modes. When a person is ...
Views: 19311 - Data Processing and Processing Activities - by Submitted on Jan 09, 2012 from Imran ZafarThe processing of converting the raw material into finished goods requires some processing. Same way, to convert the data into information, the processing of the data is processing. Data is important because, data is not useful until it is subjected to a 'value-added process' of data ...
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