Disinfection methods are divided into physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. The use of biological enzymes as disinfectants should be one of the biological disinfection methods. Biological disinfection is the use of animals, plants, microorganisms and (or) their metabolites ... Views: 357
1 Application in the wine industry
Malt is the main raw material for beer. Poor malt quality or large amounts of auxiliary materials such as barley and rice will cause insufficient activity of amylase, glucanase, and cellulase. As a result, insufficient saccharification and insufficient ... Views: 355
Cellulose accounts for about 1/2 of the total dry weight of plants. It is the oldest and most abundant natural polymer material on earth, and it is the inexhaustible and most precious natural renewable resource for mankind. However, due to the high degree of polymerization of plant fiber and the ... Views: 354
Glutathione is a tripeptide containing sulfhydryl groups combined with glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. Glutathione has two forms, reduced (G-SH) and oxidized (G-S-S-G), and reduced glutathione accounts for the vast majority under physiological conditions. Glutathione reductase catalyzes the ... Views: 354
Protease is a general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze protein peptide chains. According to the way they degrade polypeptides, they are divided into two categories: endopeptidases and telopeptidases. Endopeptidase can cut the large molecular weight polypeptide chain from the middle to ... Views: 353
Catalase is an antioxidant enzyme commonly found in almost all living organisms, mainly in chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum of plants, liver and red blood cells of animals. It is the marker enzyme of the peroxisome, accounting for about 40% of the total peroxisomal ... Views: 353
Serum enzyme tests have been used in clinical practice for a long time, such as increased amylase activity in serum and urine of patients with acute pancreatitis. In the 1930s, some scholars reported that the determination of serum lipase and alkaline phosphatase activities is helpful for the ... Views: 350
There are as many as four to five hundred kinds of bacteria in the human intestine, some of which secrete antibiotic-like substances to combat harmful bacteria such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Clostridium perfringens. Such bacteria are called probiotics. The presence ... Views: 349
Inulinase is a kind of hydrolase that can hydrolyze β-2, l-d-fructan glycosidic bond. Inulinase-secreting microorganisms are widely distributed in nature, including various microorganisms in soil, water, and animal digestive tracts. Inulinase can hydrolyze inulin to fructose or ... Views: 348
At present, people have a deep understanding of the importance of macro-ecological balance, but micro-ecological balance is far from receiving the attention it deserves. Understanding the importance of the micro-ecological balance of the human body and maintaining the micro-ecological balance ... Views: 345
Papain is a low specificity proteolytic enzyme. It is widely found in the roots, stems, leaves and fruits of papaya, and has the highest content in immature latex. Papain is a sulfhydryl protease, and its active site contains cysteine, which has the characteristics of high enzymatic activity, ... Views: 344
With the development of biotechnology in the modern information age, the research, development and utilization of enzymes have become more and more in-depth, and correspondingly, the application of enzymes in medicine has become more and more extensive.
1. The relationship between enzymes and ... Views: 339
Lipase (Lipase, glyceride hydrolase) belongs to the class of carboxyl ester hydrolase, which can gradually hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids. Lipase exists in fat-containing animal, plant and microbial (such as mold, bacteria, etc.) tissues. Including phosphatase, sterolase ... Views: 339
As a substance, catalase was first discovered in 1811 by Louis Jacques Thénard, the discoverer of hydrogen peroxide. In 1900, Oscar Loew named this enzyme capable of degrading hydrogen peroxide "catalase", and discovered that this enzyme exists in many plants and animals. In 1937, James B. ... Views: 338
Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an intracellular enzyme that catalyzes diamine in mucosal or ciliated epithelial cells of the mammalian small intestine. It protects the intestinal mucosa by regulating intracellular ion homeostasis, influencing conduction pathways, and promoting cellular repair. Serum ... Views: 337
With the continuous development of society, people often suffer from indigestion due to busy work, irregular diet, or unhealthy food. Indigestion occurs through the upper digestive tract. The main symptom of indigestion is excessive pain, most often causing a burning sensation in the upper ... Views: 337
Keratinase is an extracellular protein hydrolysis inducing enzyme that degrades insoluble keratin substrates. This enzyme can hydrolyze hair, feathers and collagen in wastewater systems during wastewater treatment. In addition, it can be used in the food industry and in the manufacture of ... Views: 336
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology has been widely used in many fields since its inception. Gene therapy developed using this technology has huge prospects in the medical and health fields. CRISPR/Cas9 technology enables gene-editing of the genome at specified sites, but a common worry about ... Views: 335
Enzyme engineering is a scientific technology that puts enzymes or microbial cells, animal and plant cells, organelles, etc. in a certain biological reaction device, and then use the biocatalytic function of the enzyme to transform the corresponding raw materials into useful substances and apply ... Views: 331
Enzymes have unparalleled advantages over ordinary catalysts and have been widely used in food, medicine, textile, detergent and cosmetics industries. Most of these applications are performed in aqueous solution, but many valuable products are insoluble in water, and there are many useful ... Views: 330
Alcohol dehydrogenase is abundant in human and animal liver, plant and microbial cells. It is a zinc-containing metalloenzyme with broad substrate specificity. Alcohol dehydrogenase can use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) as a coenzyme to catalyze the reversible reaction between primary ... Views: 330
1. Source of Cellulase
Cellulase is of great significance in expanding the comprehensive utilization of raw materials and plant materials in the food industry, increasing the utilization rate of raw materials, purifying the environment and opening up new energy sources. The source of cellulase ... Views: 330
The so-called fruit and vegetable processing means to maximize the nutrient content of the fruit and vegetable through various processing methods, improve the edible value, and make the color, aroma and taste of the processed product more perfect. Make the fruits and vegetables achieve the ... Views: 329
Almost all food industries use food additives in order to improve the quality of color, aroma, and taste and ensure the safety of products during their shelf life. Additives are added directly to the final product, where they function and remain. They usually have a CNS number (international ... Views: 328
Extracts are liquid or solid natural active ingredients extracted from animal or plant raw materials. Plant extract is a product made from plants. It is formed by physicochemical extraction and separation process according to the needs of the use of the extracted final product, and directed ... Views: 328
Cancer, or malignant tumor, has become one of the most common fatal diseases. There are about 11 million new cancer cases in the world every year, and new cancer cases in China account for 20.3% each year. It has always been a major public enemy threatening health. The occurrence of cancer is ... Views: 327
Enzymes are essential proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in living organisms. They play critical roles in various metabolic processes, such as digestion, respiration, and biosynthesis. Enzymes can be produced naturally in living cells or can be produced artificially through recombinant ... Views: 325
The intestine is the human body's largest digestive and immune organ, responsible for 99% of nutrient absorption and 70% of immune work. The amount of food consumed in a lifetime is equivalent to 12 elephants. The intestine has more than 400 kinds of 10 trillion bacteria, diligently maintaining ... Views: 324
The basic technology of genetic engineering is artificial cutting, splicing, and combination of genes. A gene is a DNA molecule with a certain function. To accurately cut out the DNA linear molecular fragments of different genes, various restriction endonucleases are required. To connect ... Views: 324
As a substance, catalase was first discovered in 1811 by Louis Jacques Thénard, the discoverer of hydrogen peroxide. In 1900, Oscar Loew named this enzyme capable of degrading hydrogen peroxide "catalase", and discovered that this enzyme exists in many plants and animals. In 1937, James B. ... Views: 324
Industrial enzymes refer to biological products with catalytic function prepared after enzymes are processed. There are more than 3,000 kinds of enzymes found in the world, of which less than 100 kinds of enzymes can be produced on a large scale. Industrial enzyme preparations have the ... Views: 324
Probiotics refer to a certain number of live microorganisms that can have a beneficial effect on the health of the host. At present, there are more than 20 kinds of probiotics used in China, mainly including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium butyricum, Saccharomyces boulardii, ... Views: 323
The optimum pH of cellulase is generally 4.5 to 6.5, which acts on cellulose and products derived from cellulose. Microbial cellulase is of great significance in converting insoluble cellulose into glucose and destroying cell walls in fruit and vegetable juice to improve the yield of ... Views: 322
Lipase is widely used in the fields of food, chemical industry and biotechnology. The reaction system involves solvent system and water phase system. In order to improve the activity and stability of lipase in the reaction, various methods can be used to modify lipase.
Lipase can catalyze the ... Views: 320
Lipase (glyceride hydrolase) belongs to the class of carboxyl ester hydrolase, which can gradually hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids. Lipase exists in fat-containing animal, plant and microbial (such as mold, bacteria, etc.) tissues. Including phosphatase, sterolase and ... Views: 319
Lactobacillus acidophilus is an important member of the Lactobacillus family, a Gram-positive non-spore-forming bacterium with a streptomorphic or globular form and an optimal growth temperature of 37-42°C and an optimal pH of 6.8. Lactobacillus acidophilus was first isolated from human feces by ... Views: 319
Probiotics are a class of active microorganisms that are beneficial to the host. They are the general term for active beneficial microorganisms that colonize the human intestine and reproductive system and can produce definite health effects to improve the host's micro-ecological balance and ... Views: 318
Enzyme engineering is a technology in which enzymes or microbial cells, animal and plant cells, organelles, etc. are placed in a certain biological reaction device, and the corresponding raw materials are converted into useful substances by using the biocatalytic function of enzymes and ... Views: 318
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, peptic ulcer, Hp-related dyspepsia and other diseases. Studies have found that Hp can cause gastric microbial disorders, change the microbial diversity and community structure in the stomach, and ... Views: 317
It is generally believed that prebiotics provide "food" to probiotics, which can be decomposed and absorbed by beneficial bacteria in the intestines, and promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria. The familiar bifidus factor is a prebiotic that promotes the growth of ... Views: 317
Probiotics and gut microbiota have been international research hotspots and social hot topics in recent years. In media reports, probiotics often have various health effects and can "treat multiple diseases"; however, some media reports that "probiotics are useless" or even "probiotics are ... Views: 317
Restriction enzymes, also known as restriction endonucleases, are enzymes that can cut double-stranded DNA. Its cutting method is to cut the bond between the carbohydrate molecule and the phosphoric acid, and then create a nick on each of the two DNA strands without damaging the nucleotides and ... Views: 315
More and more scientific evidence shows that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species are important mediators of signaling events in cells, especially the superoxide anion in reactive oxygen species. If the content of superoxide anion in the human body is too high, it may ... Views: 315
Probiotics are a type of beneficial bacteria that exist in the human gut itself. There are more than 100 trillion bacteria in the human gut, which are roughly divided into beneficial bacteria, intermediate bacteria and harmful bacteria. When the human body is healthy, the intestinal flora is in ... Views: 315
Starting from a cup of coffee or milk in the morning, it seems that a vital substance—enzyme, is inseparable from modern people's dining table. In fact, not only in the food and beverage industry, but also in medical, household, health, energy, environment and other fields, enzymes are playing ... Views: 314
As research on intestinal microbes continues, probiotics are flooding the market. The industrial applications of probiotics continue to flourish. So far, the application of probiotics has covered many aspects such as fermented foods, dietary supplements, health care products additives, and ... Views: 314
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines probiotics as live bacteria that can play a beneficial role in the health of consumers by ingesting an appropriate amount. This contains three characteristics of probiotics:
1. Probiotics are "live bacteria"
That is, probiotics can resist various ... Views: 313
Starting from a cup of coffee or milk in the morning, it seems that a vital substance—enzyme, is inseparable from modern people's dining table. In fact, not only in the food and beverage industry, but also in medical, household, health, energy, environment and other fields, enzymes are playing ... Views: 312
Enzymes are protein molecules that catalyze chemical reactions in living organisms. They are involved in many metabolic processes and play a critical role in maintaining the health of the body. In recent years, enzymes have been widely used in disease diagnosis, providing a quick and accurate ... Views: 311
Meat plays a very important role in human life, and we consume a variety of meat every day. With the improvement of living standards, people's dietary requirements are no longer just satisfied with fullness, but the requirements for the taste, quality and nutritional value of meat products have ... Views: 311